Orange oil is extracted by simple pressure from the outer coloured part of the Citrus sinensis' peel. Oranges are widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates for the sweet fruit and commercially for essential oil extraction. Other origins for Orange oil include Brazil, South Africa & Spain.
Orange oil is a by-product of the juice industry. Oil is cold pressed from the peel of the fruit, after juice extraction and is widely used across the flavour and fragrance industry. Sweet orange (citrus sinensis) is around 90% d’limonene, a product used across many more industries. Approximately 40% of global oranges are processed for juice and oil with 60% solely used as a fresh fruit for consumption.
Bearing acreage of orange in the USA is a particular worry as year on year the output has been declining. In the past 10 years it has fallen from around 770 thousand acres to 600 thousand acres today. Below are Florida's recent fresh fruit outputs, courtesy of the USDA, showing the significance of the decline.
| TYPE / SEASON | 2011/12 | 2012/13 | 2013/14 | 2014/15 | 2015/16* |
| Valencia Type (1,000 boxes) | 72,500 | 66,500 | 51,300 | 49,400 | 33,000 |
| Non-Valencia Type (1,000 boxes) | 74,200 | 67,100 | 53,300 | 39,500 | 36,000 |
*2015/16 data forecasted by USDA at 9th February 2016
The orange oil market enters Spring 2026 with a stable but structurally sensitive supply outlook, supported by steady U.S. citrus production but ongoing long-term pressure on the orange sector. According to the latest USDA Citrus Outlook (2025/2026 season), total U.S. orange production is forecast at approximately 1.74 million tons for early, midseason, and Navel oranges, with California accounting for over 80% of production in this category, primarily for fresh use. At the national level, total U.S. orange production is estimated at around 58-61 million boxes, with California remaining the dominant supplier and Florida contributing a much smaller share due to long term production decline. This provides a relatively stable but not expanding raw material base for peel oil extraction, as most California fruit is directed toward fresh consumption rather than processing. Lemon production growth in California and stable citrus output trends in some segments have helped maintain overall citrus availability, but oranges continue to face structural challenges, particularly in Florida, where citrus greening disease and weather events have caused long-term production contraction. As orange oil is derived from peel during juice processing, supply remains closely linked to processing volumes rather than total fruit production. While U.S. citrus greening pressure is less severe in California than Florida, long-term industry decline in Florida continues to reduce processing flexibility. Demand for orange oil remains steady across flavour & fragrance, beverage, and cleaning industries, supported by its wide functional use and cost efficiency. Overall, the market remains balanced but structurally limited in growth, with pricing influenced by seasonal harvest patterns, processing yields, and regional production shifts.
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