Many associate Australia with eucalyptus oil due to their close association with traditions and of course the ever-loved Koala. However on a commercial scale, it is China that exports most around the world, in particular the industry standard Eucalyptus globulus (containing 80% cineole).
The quality of eucalyptus can be measured by its cineole content. Some species yield cineole levels above 95% but the industry has standardised on 80% for most everyday applications.
Eucalyptus can be found across a broad range of industries and applications and as a natural ingredient, it's one of the most commonly found in everyones household.
Around the house some common uses and applications could be as follows:
~ Cold and flu relief - drops of oils on towels, in vaporisers, steam rooms etc
~ Hair nourishment - lice control (usually with tea tree), dandruff and scalp cure
~ Hand cleaners - it's a natural degreaser
~ Household cleaners - in addition to a nice fresh fragrance to your home products, it adds vital antimicrobial properties as well. Soap, laundry detergents, toilet cleaners, window cleaners, worktop sprays to name just a few!
~ Treat wounds - antimicrobial and antiseptic properties that are effective at treating wounds, burns, cuts, abrasions, sores and scrapes
You can imagine the volumes absorbed into consumer goods are enormous. Last year China alone exported over 9,000 metric tonnes!!
Year | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 |
Quantity (MT) | 9,000 | 9,000 | 9,800 | 9,200 | 8,900 |
Eucalyptus requires high-temperature areas to flourish. Sunlight and shelter from cold winds are imperative for its growth. It is averse to ground that retains moisture and requires welldrained soil. Alkaline-rich soil is also harmful for eucalyptus growth. Ph levels from neutral to acidic are ideal for the tree. Oil is extracted from fresh eucalyptus trees. It is popularly used in cough and cold products to ease congestion. It is also used in mouthwashes, creams, and ointments to release muscle and joint pain. Export volumes in 2023 were the lowest in a decade, 7.3% lower than the previous year. There is limited interest amongst farmers for the product due to the low price it is fetching in the market. There was a supply shortage during the Chinese New Year, which saw prices go up. There is a complete overhaul in Eucalyptus production in China. Eucalyptol derived from globulus trees, has been completely replaced by eucalyptol from camphor trees. Market economics is the primary reason for this shift. Wood from camphor trees is used for the extraction of oil as well as repurposed for construction. Globulus trees have a single revenue stream from the leaves. Eucalyptol ex-camphor oil is extracted from trunk chips. These chips are then repurposed and used to make construction boards. Until the 1990s, cutting camphor trees was banned. But the restriction was lifted in 2022, and since then, there has been excess in the market. Thus, eucalyptol from camphor trees rich in paracymene is being sold for less than eucalyptus globulus. Tax issues in Yunnan have also had a role to play in this reduction. While perfumers have preferred eucalyptus globulus, economics has driven most towards eucalyptol ex camphor.
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